Reference

Location

Time Period

Study Design

Study Population

Results

Impact of birth canal cleansing with chlorhexidine on mother infections

(Bakr et al., 2005)

Egypt

01/2002-06/2002

Quasi-experimental study

n = 4415 women & 4431 infants Intervention group (birth canal cleansing: n = 2287 mothers)

Non-intervention phase (no birth canal cleansing: n = 2128 mothers) Birthing women

Differences in maternal hospital admissions (p = 0.09) and deaths (p = 0.88) due to infections were not statistically significant among the intervention and non-intervention groups

CPAP (early nasal continuous positive airway pressure) therapy for pre-eclampsia

(Guilleminault et al., 2007)

U.S.A

n/a

Prospective, longitudinal, before and after study

n = 12 Pregnant women with pre-eclampsia risk factors)

CPAP therapy does not prevent pre-eclampsia

Effects on maternal mortality of antenatal and delivery services administered by trained TBAs (traditional birth attendants)

(Jokhio et al., 2005)

Pakistan

03/1998-10/1998

Cluster-randomized controlled trial

n = 19,557 Intervention group (trained TBAs; n = 10,114 pregnant women from 3 subdistricts in rural Pakistan). Control group (no trained TBAs; n = 9443 pregnant women from 4 subdistricts in rural Pakistan)

There was no statistically significant reduction in maternal mortality between the two groups.

“As compared to the control group, the intervention group had a cluster-adjusted odds ratio for maternal mortality of 0.74 (95% confidence interval, 0.45 to 1.23)” (Jokhio et al., 2005)

Oral N-acetylcysteine therapy for early onset severe pre-eclampsia/ HELLP syndrome

(Roes et al., 2006)

Netherlands

01/1999-10/2001

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

n = 38; Placebo group (n = 19); N-acetylcysteine group (n = 19) Pregnant women with severe pre-eclampsia and/or HELLP syndrome

Oral N-acetylcysteine administration does not stop the progression of early onset severe pre-eclampsia and/or HELLP syndrome

Aspirin for preventing protein uric eclampsia (Rotchell et al., 1998)

Barbados

07/1992-07/1994

Randomized placebo-controlled trial

n = 3647; Aspirin group (n = 1822)

Placebo group (n = 1825)

Pregnant women attending antenatal care

There were low, not statistically significant, rates of protein uric pre-eclampsia in both the aspirin and placebo group. (2.2% and 2.5% of women in the aspirin and placebo groups, respectively, developed protein uric pre-eclampsia)